18.2.5 Tensile Behavior

The tensile behavior of reinforced concrete can be modeled using different approaches, one resulting in a more complex description than the other. For the Total Strain crack model, four softening functions based on fracture energy are implemented, a linear softening curve, an exponential softening curve, the nonlinear softening curve according to Reinhardt et al., and the nonlinear softening curve according to Hordijk [43], all related to a crack bandwidth as is usual in Smeared crack models. Tensile behavior which is not directly related to the fracture energy can also be modeled within the Total Strain concept. A constant tensile behavior, a multi-linear behavior, and a brittle behavior are also implemented. Finally, a general user-supplied subroutine USRCRV for the tensile behavior is implemented [§11.3.1].